Frei Filipe da Madre de Deus (Lisbon, c. 1630 – Seville, c. 1688 or later) was a Portuguese baroque composer.
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Filipe da Madre de Deus was born in Lisbon, about 1630. Although he lacked a deep knowledge of music theory, he was a skilled composer and vihuelist at the court of Philip IV of Spain (Philip III of Portugal until 1640).
In 1654, John IV of Portugal hears about the notoriety of Madre de Deus and hires him to the Portuguese court. Two years later, John IV dies and is succeeded by Afonso VI. Sometime between April 1660 and August 1661, Afonso VI nominates Madre de Deus as mestre da câmara de música real ("master of the royal chamber music").
In 1668, Peter II is appointed regent for Afonso VI, his insane brother, and all his former employees are lopped off the royal payroll. Thus, Filipe da Madre de Deus had to return to Spain in 1668. He was succeeded by the renowned António Marques Lésbio as master of the royal chamber music of Portugal.
Madre de Deus retired to the monastery of the barefooted Mercedarians of San Laureano in Seville. He continued as chapel master of this monastery until at least 1688, the year of his last known work. He probably died there c. 1688 or 1690.
Filipe da Madre de Deus composed mainly villancicos and tonos for several occasions and holidays, including a 18th-birthday salute to Afonso VI, Ostente aplausos festivos ("Ostentate joyous applause"), and the famous negro villancico for Christmas, Antonya, Flaciquia, Gasipà. He also composed sacred choral works with continuo accompaniment.
The following recordings include works by Madre de Deus: